Engr. Alvin Claridades

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Mar 11

LAND TITLES AND DEEDS – ASSIGNMENT FOR MARCH 15, 2019 (PUP COLLEGE OF LAW, 2ND SEMESTER, SCHOOL YEAR 2018-2019)

by PROF. ALVIN CLARIDADES

LAND TITLES AND DEEDS – ASSIGNMENT FOR MARCH 15, 2019 (PUP COLLEGE OF LAW, 2ND SEMESTER, SCHOOL YEAR 2018-2019)

Rationale for the rule on indefeasibility of title

  1. Borbajo v. Hidden View Homeowners, Inc., GR 152440, Jan. 31, 2005, 450 SCRA 315
  2. Ingusan v. Heirs of Reyes, GR 142938, Aug. 28, 2007, 531 SCRA 315

Instance when the rule on indefeasibility will not apply

  1. Ferrer v. Bautista, GR 46963, Mar. 14, 1994, 231 SCRA 257

Void certificate of title

  1. Heirs of Simplicio Santiago v. Heirs of Mariano Santiago, GR 151440, June 17, 2003, 404 SCRA 193
  2. Republic v. Reyes, GR L-30263-5, Oct. 3, 1987, 155 SCRA 313

Rule on indefeasibility applies also to homestead and free patents

  1. Iglesia ni Cristo v. CFI of Nueva Ecija, GR L-35273, July 25, 1983, 123 SCRA 516
  2. Sumail v. Judge of the CFI of Cotabato, GR L-8278, Apr. 30, 1955, 96 Phil. 946

Requisites for the availment of the remedy of petition for review

  1. Serna v. CA, GR 124605, June 18, 1999, 308 SCRA 527

Finality an essential feature of a Torrens certificate of title

  1. Broce v. Apurado, GR 8416, Jan. 27, 1914, 26 Phil. 581

One-year period starts to run from the date of entry of decree

  1. Gomez v. CA, GR 77770, Dec. 15, 1988, 168 SCRA 491

Petition may already be filed after rendition of court’s decision

  1. Rivera v. Moran, GR 24568, Mar. 2, 1926, 48 Phil. 836.

One-year period reckoned not from court’s decision but from issuance of decree by the LRA Administrator

  1. Ramos v. Rodriguez, GR 94033, May 29, 1995, 244 SCRA 418

Petition for review under Section 32 of PD 1529 separate and distinct from Motion for new trial

Deprivation must be through actual or extrinsic fraud

  1. Manila v. Abila, GR L-26781, Feb. 28, 1977, 75 SCRA 267

Actual and constructive fraud

  1. Heirs of Roxas v. CA, GR 118436, Mar. 21, 1997, 270 SCRA 309

Extrinsic and intrinsic fraud

Section 32 of PD 1529 considers only extrinsic or collateral fraud

  1. Director of Lands v. CFI of Rizal, GR L-31681, July 31, 1987, 152 SCRA 487
  2. Republic v. Guerrero, GR 133168, Mar. 28, 2006, 485 SCRA 424

Inquiry into intrinsic fraud barred after judgment

  1. Frias v. Esquivel, GR L-17366, July 31, 1962, 5 SCRA 770
  2. Tichangco v. Enriquez, GR 150629, June 30, 2004, 433 SCRA 324

Remedies available after the one-year contestability period

(a)    Action for damages

Moral and exemplary damages where a person committed fraud in obtaining title

  1. Valenzuela v. Sps. Mano, GR 172611, July 9, 2010, 624 SCRA 664

(b)    Action for reconveyance

Reconveyance

  1. Kapunan, J.: Separate, Concurring and Dissenting Op. in Legarda v. CA, GR 94457, Oct. 16, 1997, 280 SCRA 642
  2. Lacorte v. CA, GR 124574, Feb. 2, 1998, 286 SCRA 24

Transfer of title wrongfully registered is what is sought in an action for
reconveyance

  1. Pasio v. Monterroyo, GR 159494, July 31, 2008, 560 SCRA 739

Action for reconveyance governed by Article 434 of Civil Code

  1. Hutchison v. Buscas, GR 158554, May 26, 2005, 459 SCRA 214

Requirements that must concur to warrant reconveyance of land

  1. New Regent Sources, Inc. v. Tanjuatco, Jr., GR 168800, Apr. 16, 2009, 585 SCRA 329

Action for reconveyance may be barred by prescription

Reconveyance based on implied trust prescribes in 10 years

  1. Walstrom v. Mapa, Jr., GR L-38387, Jan. 29, 1990, 181 SCRA 431

Exception to 10-year prescriptive period

  1. Heirs of Valientes v. Ramas, GR 157852, Dec. 15, 2010, 638 SCRA 444

Possession must be in the concept of an owner

  1. Tan v. CA, GR 125861, Sept. 9, 1998, 295 SCRA 247

Essential condition for resort to action for reconveyance

  1. Lucena v. CA, GR L-77468, Aug. 25, 1999, 313 SCRA 47

Right of innocent mortgagee for value

  1. Rural Bank of Sariaya, Inc. v. Yacon, GR L-78011, July 5, 1989, 175 SCRA 62

What constitutes fraud that would give ground for reconveyance

  1. National Grains Authority v. IAC, GR 68741, Jan. 28, 1988, 157 SCRA 380

When action for reconveyance may be barred by laches

  1. Declaro v. CA, GR 119747, Nov. 27, 2000, 346 SCRA 57).
  2. Po Lam v. CA, GR 116220, Dec. 6, 2000, 347 SCRA 86

Laches

Nature of action for reconveyance based on a fictitious deed

  1. PNB v. Heirs of Militar, GR 164801, Aug. 18, 2005, 467 SCRA 377

Twin reliefs sought in action for reconveyance

  1. Linzag v. CA, GR 122181, June 26, 1998, 291 SCRA 304

Action for reconveyance not aimed
at reopening registration proceeding

  1. Quiniano v. CA, GR L-23024, May 31, 1971, 39 SCRA 221
  2. Rodriguez v. Toreno, GR L-29596, Oct. 14, 1977, 76 SCRA 356

Remedy of owner deprived of his land when reconveyance is no
longer available

  1. Delos Reyes v. CA, GR 121468, Jan. 27, 1998, 285 SCRA 81

(c)     Recovery Against the Assurance Fund

Action for compensation from Assurance Fund; when filed

  1. Heirs of Roxas v. Garcia, GR 146208, Aug. 12, 2004, 436 SCRA 253

Purpose of the Assurance Fund

  1. Loewenstein v. Page, GR L-5599, Mar. 22, 1910, 16 Phil. 84

Suppletory application of the Rules of Court

Other remedies

(a)    Cancellation of title

Action for declaration of nullity of free patent and certificate of title; real party in interest

  1. Heirs of Kionisala v. Heirs of Dacut, GR 147370, Feb. 27, 2002, 378 SCRA 206

Grounds for cancellation of patent and annulment of title

  1. Republic v. Mangotara, GR 170375, 170505 & 173355-56, July 7, 2010, 624 SCRA 360
  2. Quinsay v. IAC, GR 67935, Mar. 18, 1991, 195 SCRA 268

(b)    Reversion under Section 101 of CA 141

Reversion

  1. Republic v. Roxas, GR 157988, Dec. 11, 2013
  2. Yujuico v. Republic, GR 168661, Oct. 26, 2007, 537 SCRA 513

Objective of reversion suit

  1. Cawis v. Cerilles, GR 170207, Apr. 19, 2010, 618 SCRA 357

Action for reversion; where proper

Instances when remedy of reversion may be resorted to

  1. Republic v. Heirs of Alejaga, Sr., GR 146030, Dec. 3, 2002, 393 SCRA 361
  2. Republic v. Guerrero, GR 133168, Mar. 28, 2006, 485 SCRA 424
  3. Republic v. Roxas, GR 157988,. Dec. 11, 2013

Only the State can institute reversion proceedings

  1. Cawis v. Cerilles, GR 170207, Apr. 19, 2010, 618 SCRA 357

Instance when certificate of title may be cancelled and property
subject thereof reverted to the
government

  1. Garingan v. Garingan, GR 144095, Apr. 12, 2005, 455 SCRA 480

Public land fraudulently included in patents subject of reversion

  1. Reyes v. CA, GR 94524, Sept. 10, 1998, 295 SCRA 296

Action for reversion distinguished from action for declaration of nullity
of free patent and certificate of title

  1. Gabila v. Barriga, GR L-28917, Sept. 30, 1971, 41 SCRA 131
  2. Heirs of Kionisala v. Heirs of Dacut, GR 147370, Feb. 27, 2002, 378 SCRA 206

Real party in interest in reversion proceedings

(c)   Quieting of title; definition

  1. Heirs of Toring v. Heirs of Boquilaga, GR 163610, Sept. 27, 2010

Action to quiet title a suit quasi in rem

  1. Realty Sales Enterprise, Inc. v. IAC, GR L-67451, Sept. 28, 1987, 154 SCRA 328
  2. Foster-Gallego v. Galang, GR 130228, July 27, 2004, 435 SCRA 275

Twin requisites for quieting of title

  1. Eland Philippines, Inc. v. Garcia, GR 173289, Feb. 17, 2010, 613 SCRA 66

Proper party in an action to quiet title

  1. Chacon Enterprises v. CA, GR L-46418-19, Sept. 29, 1983, 124 SCRA 784
  2. Portic v. Cristobal, GR 156171, Apr. 22, 2005, 496 Phil. 456

Suit to quiet title to property occupied by plaintiff does not prescribe

  1. Faja v. CA, GR L-45045, Feb. 28, 1977, 75 SCRA 441

(d)       Criminal action for perjury

Perjury

Elements of perjury

  1. Diaz v. People, GR 65006, Oct. 31, 1990, 191 SCRA 86

3.2       CADASTRAL REGISTRATION PROCEEDINGS

  1. ORDER FOR SPEEDY SETTLEMENT AND ADJUDICATION, SURVEY AND NOTICES

Nature of cadastral proceeding

  1. Republic v. Vera, GR L-35778, Jan. 27, 1983, 120 SCRA 210
  2. Republic v. Estenzo, GR L-35376, Sept. 11, 1980, 99 SCRA 651
  3. De la Merced v. CA, GR L-17757, May 30, 1962, 5 SCRA 240

Subject matter of cadastral proceedings

  1. Government of the Phil. Islands v. Municipality of Binalonan, GR 8243, Dec. 24, 1915, 32 Phil. 634

Limited jurisdiction of cadastral court over registered lands

  1. Pamintuan v. San Agustin, GR L-17943, June 22, 1922, 43 Phil. 558

Cadastral survey to identify lots prior to proceedings in court

  1. Director of Lands v. CA, GR L-58867, June 22, 1984, 129 SCRA 689

A.1   Cadastral survey preparatory to filing of petition

Submission of survey plan

  1. Director of Lands v. Reyes, GR L-27594, Nov. 28, 1975, 68 SCRA 177
  2. Republic v. Vera, GR L-35778, Jan. 27, 1983, 120 SCRA 210

Survey plan not evidence of title

  1. Director of Lands v. Heirs of Carolino, GR L-61598, Dec. 12, 1985, 140 SCRA 396
  2. Fernandez v. Aboratigue, GR L-25313, Dec. 28, 1970, 36 SCRA 476
  3. PETITION; LOT NUMBERS

B.1   Petition for registration

Contents of the petition

Purpose of requiring technical description in the notice

  1. Viewmaster Construction Corp. v. Maulit, GR 136283, Feb. 29, 2000, 326 SCRA 821

Contents of the plan; lots and cadastral numbers

  1. ANSWER

C.1      Answer to petition in cadastral proceeding

Form and contents of Answer

  1. HEARING; JUDGMENT; DECREE

D.1    Hearing, judgment and decree of registration

  1. SUMMARY OF REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS AND PROCEDURES
  2. Survey of the land and approval of the survey plan
  3. Duties of the surveyors or geodetic engineers
  4. Francisco v. CA, GR L-35787, Apr. 11, 1980, 97 SCRA 22

Survey Order and Survey Authority

Conditions under which Survey Authority is issued

DENR to approve survey plans

Types of survey

Cadastral surveys; what they include

Purposes of cadastral surveys

Isolated surveys

Cadastre and cadastral survey

  1. Filing of the application for registration

Where to file application; form required and muniments of title

Supporting documents

Contents of application

Full names and addresses of all
occupants of the land and those
of the adjoining owner required

  1. Francisco v. Rojas, GR 167120, Apr. 23, 2014, 723 SCRA 423

Extent of search

Tracing cloth plan; purpose of the requirement

  1. Del Rosario v. Republic, GR 148338, June 6, 2002, 383 SCRA 262

Alternative to original tracing cloth plan

  1. Republic v. Hubilla, GR 157683, Feb. 11, 2005, 451 SCRA 181

Application may include two (2) or more parcels of land

Amendments to the application

  1. Tuason & Co., Inc. v. Torres, GR L-24559, July 22, 1981, 105 SCRA 653

New publication requirement; purpose

  1. Juan v. Luis, GR 24701, Aug. 25, 1926, 49 Phil. 252
  2. Escueta v. Director of Lands, GR 5720, Aug. 20, 1910, 16 Phil. 482

Instance when new publication not needed

  1. Manufacturing Co. v. Imperial, GR 24908, Mar. 31, 1926, 49 Phil. 122
  2. Benin v. Tuason, GR L-26127, June 28, 1974, 57 SCRA 531

Required statement when land applied for borders on road

Requirement of additional facts and papers; ocular inspection

Failure to mention names of minor’s
guardians in application for registration
does not invalidate title

  1. Tichangco v. Enriquez, GR 150629, June 30, 2004, 433 SCRA 324
  2. Transmittal of the copy of the application to the LRA

Duties of clerk of court

LRA to report to court errors or deficiencies in application

  1. Setting the date of the initial hearing
  2. Notice of application and initial hearing

(a)   Publication of notice

Purpose and effects of publication

(b)    Mailing of notice

(c)    Posting of notice

Notice; to whom addressed; contents

Notice by mailing and by posting not dispensed with by Sec. 23

  1. Republic v. Marasigan, GR 85515, June 6, 1991, 198 SCRA 219

Effect of defective publication

  1. Po v. Republic, GR L-27443, July 19, 1971, 40 SCRA 37
  2. DBP Employees Union v. Perez, GR L-22584 and L-23083, May 30, 1972, 45 SCRA 179
  3. Republic v. CA, GR 103746, Feb. 9, 1993, 218 SCRA 773
  4. Service of notices upon contiguous owners, occupants, etc.

Effect of deliberate failure of the applicant to give notice

  1. Divina v. CA, GR 117734, Feb. 22, 2001, 352 SCRA 527
  2. Filing of answer or objection to the application

Requisites for a valid answer

Opposition must be based on dominical or real right

  1. Leyva v. Jandoc, GR L-16965, Feb. 28, 1962, 4 SCRA 595

Solicitor General empowered to file opposition for the State

Order of general default

Effect of failure to file answer or opposition

  1. Cabanas v. Director of Lands, GR 4205, Mar. 16, 1908, 10 Phil. 393
  2. De los Reyes v. Paterno, GR 10680, Mar. 27, 1916, 34 Phil. 420

Order of special default

Effect of order of default

  1. Santos, Jr. v. PNOC Exploration Corp., GR 170943, Sept. 23, 2008, 566 SCRA 272)

Service upon party in default

Relief from order of default

  1. Hearing and presentation of evidence

Reference to a referee

Court’s action on referee’s report

Factual evidence of possession and title required

  1. National Power Corp. v. CA, GR L-43814, Apr. 16, 1982, 114 SCRA 318
  2. Director of Lands v. Reyes, GR L-27594, Nov. 28, 1975, 68 SCRA 177
  3. Republic v. CA, GR L-62680, Nov. 9, 1988, 167 SCRA 150

What the applicant must prove before the court

  1. Lasam v. Director of Lands, GR 42859, Mar. 17, 1938, 65 Phil. 367
  2. Promulgation of judgment by the court

Judgment confirming title

Judgment dismissing the case without prejudice

  1. Ng Sam Bok v. Director of Lands, GR L-11988. Dec. 22, 1958, 104 Phil. 965

Import of the term “without prejudice”

Purpose and effect of the term “without prejudice”

  1. Court order for LRA to issue decree of registration
  2. Issuance and entry of decree of registration by LRA

Original Certificate of Title (OCT); form and contents

  1. Sotto v. Sotto, GR L-17768, Sept. 1, 1922, 43 Phil. 688

Period for LRA to issue decree of registration

  1. Sending of copy of the decree of registration to RD
  2. Transcription of certificate of title in registry book
  3. CERTIFICATE OF TITLE
  4. Preparation of decree and certificate of title

PD 1529 contains no provision on execution of final judgments;
Rationale

  1. Republic v. Nillas, GR 159595, Jan. 23, 2007, 512 SCRA 286

Provision of the Rules of Court on enforcement of judgment does not apply to special proceedings such as land registration

  1. Ana v. Menla, GR L-15564, April 29, 1961, 111 Phil. 947

Procedure after judgment and before issuance of certificate of title

No additional burden to be imposed on the owner after judgment

Post-judgment remedy to recover possession of land

Contempt not available in case of refusal of defeated party to vacate despite writ of possession

  1. Rom v. Cobadora, GR L-24764, July 17, 1969, 128 SCRA 758
  2. US v. Ramayrat, GR L-6874, Mar. 8, 1912, 22 Phil. 183

Instance when losing party may be punished for contempt

  1. Chinese Commercial Property Co. v. Martinez, GR L-18565, Nov. 30, 1962, 6 SCRA 848

Special order for removal of
improvement (writ of demolition)

  1. Guevara v. Laico, GR 44057, Feb. 27, 1937, 64 Phil. 144

Writ of demolition a complement of writ of possession

  1. Marcelo v. Mencias, GR 15609, Apr. 29, 1960, 107 Phil. 1071

Land registration court empowered to issue all auxiliary writs

Issuance of decree of registration after judgment not a ministerial act

  1. Laburada v. Land Registration Authority, GR 101387, Mar. 11, 1998, 287 SCRA 333
  2. De los Reyes v. De Villa, 48 Phil., 227, citing Sec. 177, Administrative Code

Issuance of decree not compellable by mandamus

  1. Go v. CA, GR 120040, Jan. 29, 1996, 252 SCRA 564
  2. Garces v. CA, GR 114795, July 17, 1996, 259 SCRA 99

Certificate of title as evidence of an indefeasible title, ownership

  1. De Retuerto v. Barz, GR 148180, Dec. 19, 2001, 372 SCRA 712
  2. Naval v. CA, GR 167412, Feb. 2, 2006, 483 SCRA 102

Tax declarations cannot prevail over a certificate of title

  1. Director of Lands v. IAC, GR 70825, Mar. 11, 1991, 195 SCRA 38
  2. Director of Lands v. Reyes, GR L-27594, Nov. 28, 1975, 68 SCRA 177
  3. Heirs of Vencilao, Sr. v. CA, GR 123713, Apr. 1, 1998, 288 SCRA 574
  4. Entry of Original Certificate of Title (OCT)
  5. Owner’s duplicate certificate of title

Owner is entitled to possess duplicate certificate of title

  1. El Director de Terrenos contra Abachin, GR 47965, June 13, 1941, 72 Phil. 326
  2. Registration Books

OCT; when issued and when to take effect

  1. Manotok Realty, Inc. v. CLT Realty Development Corp., GR 123346, Nov. 29, 2005, 476 SCRA 305

Distinction between entry of decree and entry of certificate of title

  1. Antiporda v. Mapa, GR 34118, Oct. 28, 1930, 55 Phil. 89
  2. PNB v. Tan Ong Zse, GR 27991, Dec. 24, 1927, 51 Phil. 317

Process leading to the issuance of owner’s duplicate OCT

  1. Transfer Certificate of Title (TCT)

Facts required to be shown in the TCT

Requirements for land transfer and issuance of TCT

Statutory liens affecting title

Clean title, lien and encumbrance

  1. Casimiro Development Corp. v. Mateo, GR 175485, July 27, 2011, 654 SCRA 676
  2. People v. Regional Trial Court of Manila, GR 81541, Oct. 4, 1989, 178 SCRA 299
  3. People v. RTC of Manila, GR 81541, Oct. 4, 1989, 178 SCRA 299

Examples of encumbrances

Lien distinguished from notice of lis pendens

  1. People v. RTC of Manila, GR 81541, Oct. 4, 1989, 178 SCRA 299

Statement of personal circumstances in the certificate

  1. When property subject of certificate is deemed conjugal or not
  2. Calalang-Parujan v. Calalang-Garcia, GR 184148, June 9, 2014, 725 SCRA 402

General incidents of registered land

  1. General incidents of registered land
  2. Registered land not subject to
    prescription nor adverse possession
  3. Corporacion de PP. Agustinos Recoletos v. Crisostomo, GR 10031, Dec. 6, 1915, 32 Phil. 427
  4. Dimson v. Rural Progress Administration, GR L-3783, Jan. 28, 1952, 90 Phil. 714
  5. Atun v. Nunez, GR L-8018, Oct. 26, 1955, 97 Phil. 762

Prescription also not applicable to heirs of registered owners

  1. Barcelona v. Barcelona, GR L-9014, Oct. 31, 1956, 100 Phil. 251

Purpose of registration under the Torrens system is to quiet title

Right to recover by registered owner not barred by prescription

  1. Alfonso v. Pasay City, GR L-12754, Jan. 30, 1960, 106 Phil. 1017
  2. Atun v. Nunez, GR L-8018, Oct. 26, 1955, 97 Phil. 762

Adverse possession ineffectual against registered land

  1. Tuason & Co., Inc. v. Bolaños, GR L-4935, May 28, 1954, 95 Phil. 106
  2. Dimson v. Rural Progress Administration, GR L-3783, Jan. 28, 1952, 90 Phil. 714
  3. Torrens certificates of title immune from a collateral attack
  4. Gabriel, Jr. v. Crisologo, GR 204626, June 9, 2014, 725 SCRA 528
  5. Madrid v. Sps. Mapoy, GR 150887, Aug. 14, 2009, 596 SCRA 14

Collateral attack and direct attack; distinctions

Torrens title may only be attacked in a direct proceeding

  1. Lagrosa v. CA, GR 115981-82, Aug. 12, 1999, 312 SCRA 298

When Torrens title become incontrovertible

  1. Carvajal v. CA, GR 98328, Oct. 9, 1997, 345 Phil. 592

Remedy after the one-year period

Ownership different from certificate of title

Action for reconveyance as a remedy

What an action for reconveyance seeks and when may it be availed of

  1. Splitting or consolidation of titles
  2. Subdivision and consolidation plans

Registration of simple or complex subdivision plan; provision on non-closure of streets, waterways, open space, etc.

Approval by LRA of consolidation plan

LRA cannot increase the area covered by certificate of title

Section 50 of PD 1529 does not apply to public thoroughfares

  1. Republic v. Ortigas and Co. Partnership Limited, GR 171496, Mar. 3, 2014, 717 SCRA 601

Delineated roads will remain private at owner’s option

  1. White Plains v. CA, GR 128131, Oct. 8, 1998, 297 SCRA 547
  2. Republic v. Ortigas and Co. Partnership Ltd., GR171496, Mar. 3, 2014, 717 SCRA 601

Government cannot take private property for private use

  1. Sindalan v. CA, GR 150640, Mar. 22, 2007, 518 SCRA 649

Section 50 not a license to disregard right to just compensation

  1. Manapat v. CA, GR171496, Mar. 3, 2014, 717 SCRA 601
  2. DESAMA v. Gozun, GR 157882, Mar. 30, 2006, 520 Phil. 457
  3. Republic v. Ortigas and Co. Partnership Ltd., GR171496, Mar. 3, 2014, 717 SCRA 601
  4. SUBSEQUENT REGISTRATION

5.1    VOLUNTARY DEALINGS WITH REGISTERED LANDS: GENERAL PROVISIONS

Voluntary dealings

  1. Conveyance and other dealings by registered owner

Registration as the operative act to convey or affect the land

Unregistered sale of land cannot bind third parties

  1. Bulaong v. Gonzales, GR 156318, Sept. 05, 2011, 656 SCRA 666

Registered mortgage inferior to that of unregistered sale

  1. Reyes v. De Leon, GR L-22331, June 6, 1967, 126 Phil 710

Encumbrances not shown on the certificate cannot bind nor prejudice third persons

  1. Bass v. De la Rama, GR L-47662, Sept. 30, 1942, 73 Phil. 682

Preference accorded to registered levy on attachment or execution

  1. Egao v. CA, GR 79787, June 29, 1989, 174 SCRA 484
  2. Calalang v. Register of Deeds, GR 76265, Apr. 22, 1992, 208 SCRA 215

Levy creates a continuing lien on land subject thereof

  1. Tay Chun Suy v. CA, GR 91004-05, Aug. 20, 1992, 212 SCRA 713
  2. Lavides v. Pre, GR 127830, Oct. 17, 2001, 367 SCRA 382
  3. Government of the Phil. Islands v. Mercado, GR 45290 Apr. 19, 1939, 67 Phil. 409
  4. Valdevieso v. Damalerio, GR 133303, Feb. 17, 2005

Validity of execution sale retroacts to date of levy

  1. First Integrated Bonding& Insurance Co., Inc. v. CA, GR 119577, Aug. 28, 1996, 261 SCRA 203
  2. Constructive notice upon registration

Registration deemed a constructive notice to the whole world

  1. G Holdings, Inc. v. National Mines and Allied Workers Union Local 103 (NAMAWU), GR 160236, Oct. 16, 2009, 604 SCRA 73

Registration

  1. Agricultural Credit Cooperative Association of Hinigaran v. Yusay, GR L-13313, Apr. 28, 1960, 107 Phil. 791

Purpose of registration is merely to give notice

  1. Autocorp Group and Autographics, Inc. v. CA, GR 157553, Sept. 8, 2004, 437 SCRA 678

Purpose and effects of registering instruments

  1. Saberon v. Ventanilla, Jr., GR 192669, Apr. 21, 2014, 777 SCRA 287

Voluntary and involuntary instruments

  1. Villasor v. Camon, R-CA 8551, June 29, 1951, 89 Phil. 404

Requisites for registration of voluntary and involuntary instruments

Voluntary and involuntary registration distinguished

  1. Levin v. Bass, GR L-4340, May 28, 1952, 91 Phil. 420

Execution sale retroacts to date of levy as entered in the day book

  1. Yu v. CA, GR 109078, Dec. 26, 1995, 251 SCRA 509
  2. Caviles, Jr. v. Bautista, GR 102648, Nov. 24, 1999, 319 SCRA 24
  3. Presentation of owner’s duplicate upon entry of new certificate

Production of owner’s duplicate conclusive authority from owner

When registration retroacts to date of entry in RD’s day book

  1. Barretto v. Arevalo, GR L-7748, Aug. 27, 1956, 99 Phil. 771
  2. Ramirez v. Causin, GR L-10794, July 31, 1957, 101 Phil. 1009

Subsequent registration procured by fraud deemed void

Instances when a forged deed may be the root of a valid title

  1. Director of Lands v. Addison, GR L-23148, Mar. 25, 1926, 49 Phil., 19
  2. Inquimboy v. Vda. De Cruz, GR L-13953, July 26, 1960, 108 Phil. 1054

Original owner of registered land may seek annulment of transfer thereof grounded on fraud but
subject to right of IPV

  1. De Santos v. IAC, GR L-69591, Jan. 25, 1988, 157 SCRA 295
  2. Dealings less than ownership; how registered
  3. Grantee’s name, nationality, etc., to be stated

Change in the residence or postal address of grantee

Notices and processes to be served by mail to the given addresses

  1. Primary Entry Book; fees; certified copies

Primary entry book or Day book

Manner of presentation and entry of deeds and instruments

Records of registered land open to public

Instrument subject of primary entry deemed registered from time noted pending annotation of memorandum thereof in the title

  1. DBP v. Acting RD of Nueva Ecija, UDK 7671, June 23, 1988, 162 SCRA 450

Entry alone produces the effect of registration

  1. Levin v. Bass, GR L-4340 to 4346, May 28, 1952, 91 Phil. 420

Late annotation of levy on certificate does not diminish its efficacy

  1. Villasor v. Camon, R-CA 8551, June 29, 1951, 89 Phil. 404
  2. CONVEYANCES AND TRANSFERS

A.1    Procedure in registration of conveyances

A.2      Procedure where conveyance involves portion of land

Annotation of deed pending entry of transfer certificate

Annotation of subsequent deed prior to approval of plan not allowed

RD’s action upon approval of the plan and technical descriptions

Grantor’s options where land has been subdivided into several lots

A.3      Carryover of encumbrances

RD’s ministerial duty to carry over encumbrances to certificates

  1. Saberon v. Ventanilla, Jr., GR 192669, Apr. 21, 2014, 777 SCRA 287
  2. MORTGAGES AND LEASES

B.1      Mortgage or lease of registered land

Mortgage

Lease

Issuance of mortgagee’s or lessee’s duplicate certificate
of title discontinued

B.2      Registration of the deed of mortgage or lease

B.3   Discharge or cancellation of mortgage or lease

  1. PCSO v. New Dagupan Metro Gas Corp., GR 173171, July 11, 2012, 676 SCRA 156

B.4   Foreclosure of mortgage; definition

  1. Selegna Management and Development Corp. v. UCPB, GR 165662, May 3, 2006, 489 SCRA 125

(a)    Judicial foreclosure of mortgage

Final order of the court confirming the sale

Where there is no right of redemption

Where right of redemption exists

Redemption period for registered foreclosed property

  1. Metropolitan Bank and Trust Co. v. Tan, GR 178449, Oct. 17, 2008, 569 SCRA 814

General rule in redemption; intent must be coupled with payment

  1. BPI Family Savings Bank, Inc., v. Sps. Veloso, GR 141974, Aug. 9, 2004, 436 SCRA 1

Remedy in case of disagreement over redemption price

  1. Banco Filipino Savings and Mortgage Bank v. CA, GR 143896, July 8, 2005, 463 SCRA 64

Certificate or deed of redemption in case of redemption

Final deed of sale in case of non-redemption

(b)  Extrajudicial foreclosure of mortgage

Certificate of sale

Certificate or deed of redemption in case of redemption

Laws governing extrajudicial foreclosure

Final deed of sale or sworn statement in case of non-redemption

Purchaser in foreclosure sale may seek possession of property sold

  1. China Banking Corp. v. Lozada, GR 164919, July 4, 2008, 557 SCRA 177

Petition for issuance of writ of possession through ex parte motion

  1. Metropolitan Bank and Trust Co. v. Bance, GR 167280, Apr. 30, 2008, 553 SCRA 507

Ministerial duty of the court to issue writ of possession

  1. David Enterprises v. Insular Bank of Asia and America, GR 78714, Nov. 21, 1990, 191 SCRA 516
  2. Clapano v. Gapultos, GR L-51574-77, Sept. 30, 1984, 132 SCRA 429
  3. Sulit v. CA, GR 119247, Feb. 17, 1997, 268 SCRA 441
  4. Metropolitan Bank and Trust Co. v. Tan, GR 159934, June 26, 2008, 555 SCRA 502

Purchaser entitled to writ of possession despite pendency of annulment or foreclosure suit

  1. Fernandez v. Espinoza, GR 156421, Apr. 14, 2008, 551 SCRA 136

When right of purchaser to possession becomes absolute

Writ of possession; when issued

  1. 680 Home Appliances, Inc. v. CA, GR 206599, Sept. 29, 2014, 737 SCRA 127

Instance when issuance of writ of possession ceases to be ex-parte

  1. Okabe v. Saturnino, GR 196040, Aug. 26, 2014, 733 SCRA 652

Court order granting petition for writ of possession a final order

Inadequacy of price at foreclosure sale does not nullify sale

  1. New Sampaguita Builders Construction Inc. v. PNB, GR 148753, July 30, 2004, 435 SCRA 565

Remedy where proceeds of sale insufficient to cover debt

  1. BPI Family Savings Bank, Inc. v. Avenido, GR 175816, Dec. 7, 2011, 661 SCRA 758

Conditions when writ against foreclosure of mortgage may be issued

Certificate of sale in a foreclosure sale does not transfer ownership

  1. Supreme Transliner, Inc. v. BPI Family Savings Bank, Inc., GR 165617, Feb. 25, 2011, 644 SCRA 59

Certificate of sale and Deed of absolute sale distinguished

  1. Gonzalez v. Calimbas, GR L-27878, Dec. 31, 1927, 51 Phil. 355

Annotation of certificate of sale a ministerial duty of RD

  1. Autocorp Group v. CA, GR 157553, Sept. 08, 2004, 437 SCRA 678
  2. POWERS OF ATTORNEY; TRUSTS

C.1      Power of attorney

Special Power of Attorney (SPA)

Powers of attorney construed

  1. Woodchild Holdings, Inc. v. Roxas Electric and Construction Co., Inc., GR 140667, Aug. 12, 2004, 436 SCRA 235

Trust

C.2      Trusts in registered land

C.3      Trust with power of sale, etc.; how expressed

C.4      Judicial appointment of new trustee

C.5      Implied trusts; how established

Implied trust

Resulting and constructive trust construed

Express trust and implied trust distinguished

5.2       INVOLUNTARY DEALINGS

Involuntary dealings

  1. Attachments or judicial writs, orders or processes

Attachment

  1. Calo v. Roldan, GR L-252. Mar. 30, 1946, 76 Phil. 445
  2. Sievert v. CA, GR 84034, Dec. 22, 1988, 168 SCRA 692

Purpose and function of an attachment

  1. Mabanag v. Gallemore, GR L-825, July 20, 1948, 81 Phil. 254
  2. Salgado v. CA, GR L-55381, Mar. 26, 1984, 128 SCRA 395
  3. Adverse claim

Statement of claims; how registered

Form and contents of statement

Period of effectivity of adverse claim

Duty of RD to record adverse claim ministerial

  1. Gabriel v. RD of Rizal, GR L-17956, Sept. 30, 1963, 9 SCRA 136

Purpose of annotating adverse claim on certificate of title

  1. Arrazola v. Bernas, GR L-29740, Nov. 10, 1978, 86 SCRA 279

Cancellation of the adverse claim; how made and by whom

What constitutes as adverse claim under Section 70 of PD 1529

  1. Cathay Metal Corp. v. Laguna West Multi-Purpose Cooperative, Inc., GR 172204, July 2, 2014, 728 SCRA 482

30-day effectivity of adverse claim construed

  1. Sajonas v. CA, GR 102377, July 5, 1996, 285 SCRA 79

Cancellation of adverse claim still necessary to render it ineffective

Rationale for requirement of hearing; second adverse claim barred

Certain easement need not be annotated as adverse claim

  1. Castro v. Monsod. GR 183719, Feb. 2, 2011, 641 SCRA 486
  2. Surrender of certificate in involuntary dealings

Where a court order is needed to compel surrender of certificate

  1. RD, Pasig, Rizal v. Heirs of Caiji, GR L-7261, May 11, 1956, 99 Phil. 25

Provisions of Sections 69 and 71 of PD 1529 distinguished

  1. The Phil. Cotton Corp. v. Gagoomal, GR 130389, Feb. 11, 2008, 544 SCRA 185
  2. Dissolution, etc. of attachments, etc.
  3. Registration of orders of court, etc.
  4. Enforcement of liens on registered land

Act of registration of deed of conveyance is what gives effect to the conveyance
and binds the land

  1. Tuason v. Raymundo, GR L-9372, Dec. 15, 1914, 28 Phil. 635
  2. Agbulos v. Alberto, GR L-17483, July 31, 1962, 5 SCRA 790
  3. Application for new certificate
    upon expiration of redemption
    period; Period to annul or impeach the proceedings

Relief under Section 75 of PD 1529 may only be granted when there is unanimity of the parties or there is
no adverse claim

  1. Tangunan v. Republic, GR L-5545, Dec. 29, 1953, 94 Phil. 171
  2. Notice of lis pendens; where proper

Lis pendens

  1. Rehabilitation Finance Corp. v. Morales, GR L-10064, Apr. 23, 1957, 101 Phil. 171

Nature and effects of a notice of lis pendens

  1. Baranda v. Gustilo, GR 81163, Sept. 26, 1988, 165 SCRA 757

Notice of lis pendens may also involve actions dealing with use or occupation of property

  1. Viewmaster Construction Corp. v. Maulit, GR 136283, Feb. 29, 2000, 326 SCRA 821

Other applications of the notice of lis pendens

  1. Villanueva v. CA, GR 117108, Nov. 5, 1997, 281 SCRA 298

Notice of lis pendens not a lien or encumbrance but a mere notice

  1. People v. RTC of Manila, GR 81541, Oct. 4, 1989, 178 SCRA 299

Property which may validly be
covered by notice of lis pendens

Notice of lis pendens a mere notice to third parties and creates no lien thereon

  1. People v. RTC of Manila, GR 81541, Oct. 4, 1989, 178 SCRA 299

Cancellation of notice of lis pendens before final judgment

Cancellation of notice after final judgment in favor of defendant

General rule on cancellation of notice of lis pendens

Grounds for cancellation of notice of lis pendens

  1. Lim v. Vera Cruz, GR 143646, Apr. 4, 2001, 356 SCRA 386
  2. Romero v. CA, GR 142406, May 16, 2005, 458 SCRA 483

What the notice of lis pendens need not contain

  1. Villanueva v. CA, GR 117108, Nov. 5, 1997, 281 SCRA 298

Notice of lis pendens does not create a right or lien

  1. Somes v. Government of the Phil. Islands, GR L-42754, Oct. 30, 1935, 62 Phil. 432

Notice of lis pendens and adverse claims not contradictory

  1. Doronila Resources Dev., Inc. v. CA, GR L-42956-57, Jan. 12, 1988, 157 SCRA 26
  2. REGISTRATION OF JUDGMENTS, ORDERS AND PARTITIONS
  3. Judgment for the Plaintiff
  4. Judgment adjudicating ownership
  5. Execution of deed by virtue of judgment
  6. Judgment of partition
  7. Registration of prior registered
    mortgaged or lease on partitioned property
  8. Notice of insolvency
  9. Judgment or order vacating insolvency proceedings
  10. Land taken by eminent domain
  11. Extrajudicial settlement of estate
  12. Filing of letters of administration and will
  13. Dealings by administering subject to court approval.
  14. Land devised to executor
  15. When executor empowered by will to sell, etc.
  16. Transfer in anticipation of final distribution
  17. Registration of final distribution of estate

VII.  ASSURANCE FUND

Assurance Fund; its purpose and intent

  1. RD of Negros Occidental v. Anglo, Sr., GR 171804, Aug. 05, 2015
  2. Estrellado v. Martinez, GR 23847, Nov. 18, 1925, 48 Phil. 256
  3. Contribution to Assurance Fund
  4. Custody and investment of fund
  5. Action for compensation from funds

Persons who may recover from the Assurance Fund

  1. De Guzman v. National Treasurer of the Republic of the Phils., GR 143281,. Aug. 3, 2000, 337 SCRA 238

When claims not permitted

  1. The RD of Negros Occidental v. Anglo, Sr., GR 171804, Aug. 05, 2015
  2. Treasurer of the Phils. v. CA, GR L-42805, Aug. 31, 1987, 153 SCRA 359
  3. Action for compensation; against whom action filed
  4. Reyes v. Solemar Development Corp., GR 129247, Mar. 3, 2006, 484 SCRA 1
  5. Judgment, how satisfied

Recourse where judgment cannot be executed

  1. General Fund when liable
  2. Subrogation of government to plaintiff’s rights
  3. RD as party in interest

RD mandated to protect the Assurance Fund by filing action

Power of LRA Administrator to file the case himself

  1. Eagle Realty Corp. v. Republic, GR 151424, July 04, 2008, 557 SCRA 77

Ownership rights by the State need not be shown in an action to protect the Fund from liability for damages

  1. Losses not recoverable

Recovery from person who caused the loss takes precedence over claims against Assurance Fund

  1. Estrellado v. Martinez, GR L-23847, Nov. 18, 1925, 48 Phil. 256

Person registered in error liable for damages

Fund not intended to relieve third persons from legal actions

  1. Limitation of Action

VIII.     REGISTRATION OF PATENTS

  1. Certificates of title pursuant to patents

Effect of registration of grants and patents under Section 103

  1. Ting Ho, Jr. v. Teng Gui, GR 130115, July 16, 2008, 558 SCRA 421

Registered public land patent a veritable Torrens title

  1. Republic v. Umali, GR 80687, Apr. 10, 1989, 171 SCRA 647
  2. CERTIFICATE OF LAND TRANSFER, EMANCI­PA­­TION PATENT, AFFIDAVIT OF NON-TENANCY
  3. Provisional Register of Documents
  4. Certificates of Land Transfer, Emancipation Patents and
    Certificates of Land Ownership Award
  5. Sale of agricultural land; affidavit
  6. PETITIONS AND ACTIONS AFTER ORIGINAL REGISTRATION
  7. Petition to compel surrender of owner’s duplicate certificate

Court action after hearing the petition

Filing of separate and original action before land registration court

Transfer of title in buyer’s name no longer part of execution proceedings

  1. Padilla, Jr. v. Phil. Producers Cooperative Marketing Assoc., Inc., GR 141256, July 15, 2005, 463 SCRA 480

Necessity to file separate action, not mere motion, with RTC

  1. Reyes v. Tang Soat Ing, GR 185620, Dec. 14, 2011, 662 SCRA 553

Remedy in case holder of certificate refuses to surrender duplicate

  1. New Durawood Co., Inc. v. CA, GR 111732, Feb. 20, 1996
  2. Amendment and alteration of certificates not allowed after
    entry; exception

Venue of petitions for amendment and alteration of certificates

Grounds for petition for amendment and alteration of certificates

  1. Paz v. Republic, GR 157367, Nov. 23, 2011, 661 SCRA 74

Court actions on the petitions

Limitations on court’s authority

Petition that may be filed where owner’s duplicate not presented

Petitions or motions to be filed in the original registration case

Proceedings under Section 108 summary in nature

  1. Bagayas v. Bagayas, GR 187308 & 187517, Sept. 18, 2013, 706 SCRA 73

Grounds for availment of relief under Section 108

  1. Heirs of Franco v. CA, GR 123924, Dec. 11, 2003, 418 SCRA 60
  2. City Government of Tagaytay v. Guerrero, GR 140734 & 140745, Sept. 17, 2009, 600 SCRA 33
  3. Tagaytay-Taal Tourist Development Corp. v. CA, GR 106812, June 10, 1997, 273 SCRA 182

“Unanimity of parties”

  1. Almirañez v. Devera, GR L-19496, Feb. 27, 1965, 13 SCRA 343

Indispensable parties in action for cancellation of memorandum

  1. Crisologo v. JEWM Agro-Industrial Corp., GR 196894, Mar. 3, 2014, 717 SCRA 644
  2. Southwestern University v. Laurente, GR L-20075, Nov. 27, 1968, 25 SCRA 57

Provisions of Section 2 and Section 108 of PD 1529 distinguished

  1. Ernesto Oppen, Inc. v. Compas, GR 203969, Oct. 21, 2015
  2. Notice and replacement of lost duplicate certificate
  3. New Durawood Co., Inc. v. CA, GR 111732, Feb. 20, 1996, 253 SCRA 740

RTC has jurisdiction over petitions for issuance of lost or stolen owner’s duplicate certificate of title

What constitutes sufficient notice

  1. Office of Court Administrator v. Matas, AM RTJ-92-836, Aug. 2, 1995, 247 SCRA 9

Fact of loss of duplicate certificate jurisdictional

  1. Strait Times, Inc. v. CA, GR 126673, Aug. 28, 1998, 294 SCRA 714

Section 109 of PD 1529 and RA 26 distinguished

Actions for replacement under PD 1529 and reconstitution under RA 26 do not pass upon question of ownership of land

  1. Puzon v. Sta. Lucia Realty and Development, Inc., GR 139518, Mar. 6, 2001, 353 SCRA 699
  2. Heirs of Susana De Guzman Tuazon v. CA, GR 125758, Jan. 20, 2004, 420 SCRA 219
  3. Reconstitution of lost or destroyed original of Torrens title

Judicial reconstitution under RA 26

Administrative reconstitution in RA 26; when availed of

Reconstitution

  1. Heirs of Ragua v. CA, GR 88521-22, 31 Jan. 2000, 324 SCRA 7
  2. Serra Serra v. CA, GR 34080, Mar. 22, 1991, 195 SCRA 482

Notice of hearings of petition for judicial reconstitution

Reconstitution of lost or destroyed original Torrens title

Nature and purpose of reconstitution proceedings

  1. Angat v. Republic, GR 175788, June 30, 2009, 591 SCRA 364

Requisites for an order of reconstitution to issue

  1. Layos v. Fil-Estate Golf and Development, Inc., GR 150470, Aug. 6, 2008, 561 SCRA 75

Jurisdictional requirements and procedures to be followed

Owner’s duplicate copy as source for judicial reconstitution

Copies of the certificate of title

Owner’s duplicate of OCT/TCT as primary source for reconstitution

  1. Republic v. Casimiro, GR 166139, June 20, 2006, 491 SCRA 499

Owner’s duplicate OCT or TCT to be presented before the court

Sources of reconstitution with respect to liens and encumbrances affecting lost or destroyed certificates of title

When notices to owners of adjoining
lots and actual occupants not
mandatory and jurisdictional

  1. Puzon v. Sta. Lucia Realty and Development, Inc., GR 139518, Mar. 6, 2001, 353 SCRA 699

Duty of petitioners to know their adjoining property owners

  1. Tahanan Development Corp. v. CA, GR L-55771, Nov. 15, 1982, 118 SCRA 273

Effect of failure to notify occupant of adjacent property

Publication, posting and contents of the notice of Petition for Reconstitution

Requirements prior to the date of hearing

Contents of the notice

  1. Republic v. Planes, GR 130433, Apr. 17, 2002, 430 Phil. 848

Insufficient compliance with
requirements annuls proceedings

  1. Alabang Development Corp. v. Valenzuela, GR L-54094, Aug. 30, 1982, 116 SCRA 261
  2. Municipality of Legazpi v. A.L. Ammen Transportation Co., Inc., GR L-22377, Nov. 29, 1968, 26 SCRA 218

Rule on liberal construction of the Rules not applicable to land registration cases

  1. Castillo v. Republic, GR 182980, June 22, 2011, 652 SCRA 600
  2. SCHEDULE OF FEES: SPECIAL FUND

Fees payable

Filing fees and docket fees distinguished

  1. Dela Paz v. CA, GR 120150, Mar. 27, 2000, 328 SCRA 707

Special Account

XII.  FORMS USED IN LAND REGISTRATION AND CONVEYANCING

  1. Forms in conveyancing

Signing and sealing of the instrument

Required location of signature merely directory

  1. Quilala v. Alcantara, GR 132681, Dec. 3, 2001, 371 SCRA 311

XIII. DEALINGS WITH UNREGISTERED LANDS

  1. Recording of instruments relating to unregistered lands

XIV.     REGISTRATION OF CHATTEL MORTGAGES

Chattel mortgage

  1. Recording of chattel mortgages

Chattel mortgage over motor vehicles; when mortgage is deemed binding upon third persons

  1. Aleman v. De Catera, GR L-13693, Mar. 25, 1961, 1 SCRA 776
  2. Manner of recording chattel mortgages

Recording of a mortgage

RD to certify officer’s return of sale upon mortgage

  1. Fees for chattel mortgages, etc.

Consulta

  1. Doronila Resources Dev., Inc. v. CA, GR L-42956-57, Jan. 12, 1988, 157 SCRA 26
  2. Procedure

Consulta, when applicable

Resolution on the consulta appealable to CA

XVI.     FINAL PROVISIONS OF PD 1529

  1. Appropriation
  2. Postage exemption
  3. Effectivity of the law on property or land registration

NOTE: Digest/dissect all the cases (#s 209-233) and write them on yellow pad paper (one case per sheet), place them neatly in an EXPANDABLE FOLDER with cover page and table of contents, and PERSONALLY submit them (together with ALL of the PREVIOUSLY SUBMITTED case digests [FROM DAY ONE]) during our class ON FRIDAY (March 15). Late/incomplete submissions will not be accepted.

Read the details of the assigned topics from the prescribed textbook and other supplementary reading materials. Be ready for a graded recitation.

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Mar 3

LAND TITLES AND DEEDS – ASSIGNMENT FOR MARCH 8, 2019 (PUP COLLEGE OF LAW, 2ND SEMESTER, SCHOOL YEAR 2018-2019)

by PROF. ALVIN CLARIDADES

LAND TITLES AND DEEDS – ASSIGNMENT FOR MARCH 8, 2019 (PUP COLLEGE OF LAW, 2ND SEMESTER, SCHOOL YEAR 2018-2019)

Provisional remedy available to preserve the rights of the parties

Grounds for petition for relief from judgment

Time to file petition

Affidavits to be annexed to the petition

Petition for relief from judgment; when allowed

  1. Dela Cruz v. Andres, GR 161864, Apr. 27, 2007, 522 SCRA 585

(b)       Annulment of judgments, or final orders and resolutions; grounds

  1. Diona v. Balangue, GR 173559, Jan. 7, 2013, 688 SCRA 22

Ground for annulment of judgment

Annulment of judgment; when available

Periods to file action

  1. Galicia v. Manliquez, GR 155785, Apr. 13, 2007, 521 SCRA 85

Annulment of judgment an independent remedy

  1. Bulawan v. Aquende, GR 182819, June 22, 2011, 652 SCRA 585

When extrinsic fraud not a valid ground for annulment of judgment

Lack of jurisdiction as ground for annulment of judgment

Lack of jurisdiction

Effects of annulment of judgment

(c)      Petition for Certiorari (Special Civil Action)

Writ of certiorari; when and for what purpose issued

  1. Land Bank of the Phils. v. CA, GR 129368, Aug. 25, 2003, 409 SCRA 455

Requisites for availment of remedy of certiorari

(d)       Petition for reopening and review of the decree of registration

Petition under Section 32 of PD 1529; when and by whom filed

  1. Gomez v. CA, GR 77770, Dec. 15, 1988, 168 SCRA 491

Petition for review must be by motion in same proceeding where decree was issued

  1. Baldoz v. Papa, GR L-18150, July 30, 1965, 14 SCRA 691

Elements for allowance of reopening or review of decree

  1. Libudan v. Gil, GR L-21163, May 17, 1972, 45 SCRA 17

Petitioner or movant need not be original claimant

  1. Salva v. Salvador, 18 Phil. 193)
  2. Reyes v. City of Manila, 38 Phil. 350
  3. v. Ybañez, GR L-6103, Apr. 17, 1953, 92 Phil. 911

Purpose in giving aggrieved parties a chance to review the decree

  1. Rublico v. Orellana, GR L-26582, Nov. 28, 1969, 30 SCRA 511

Only those fraudulently deprived of their opportunity to be heard in the original registration case may file petition for review

  1. Crisolo v. CA, GR L-33093, Dec. 29, 1975, 68 SCRA 435.

Petition may be filed any time after rendition of court’s decision

  1. Rivera v. Moran, GR L-24568, Mar. 2, 1926, 48 Phil. 836
  2. Decree of registration; contents

Decree conclusive against all persons

Period when court may reopen proceedings; Ground for review

  1. Lopez v. Padilla, GR L-27559, May 18, 1972, 45 SCRA 44
  2. Review of decree of registration; when decree no longer reviewable

Review of decree of registration under the jurisdiction of the RTC

Title deemed not finally adjudicated before entry of decree and lapse of one (1) year from its entry by the LRA

  1. Gomez v. CA, GR 77770, Dec. 15, 1988, 168 SCRA 491

Innocent purchaser for value (IPV), buyer in good faith

  1. Yared v. Tiongco, GR 161360, Oct. 19, 2011, 659 SCRA 545
  2. de Recinto v. Inciong, GR L-26083, May 31, 1977, 77 SCRA 196

Protection accorded by law to an IPV

  1. Peralta v. Abalon, GR 183448, June 30, 2014, 727 SCRA 477

Buyer in bad faith not protected by registration of sale

  1. Lu v. Manipon, GR 147072, May 7, 2002, 381 SCRA 788

Holder in bad faith of certificate of title not protected by law; case of double sale

  1. Baricuatro Jr. v. CA, GR 105902, Feb. 9, 2000, 325 SCRA 137

Governing principle in double sale

  1. Olivares v. Gonzales, GR L-34500, Mar. 18, 1988, 159 SCRA 33
  2. Astorga v. CA, GR 58530, Dec. 26, 1984, 133 SCRA 748
  3. Cruz v. Cabana, GR 56232, June 22, 1984; 129 SCRA 656

Forged deed does not divest registered owner of title

  1. Soliven v. Francisco, GR L-48974, Nov. 29, 1989, 170 SCRA 218

Forged deed may be the root of a valid title

  1. Lim v. Chuatoco, GR 161861, Mar. 11, 2005, 453 SCRA 308

Period from issuance of decree to question its validity

Indefeasibility of decree of registration

  1. Javier v. CA, GR 101177, Mar. 28, 1994, 231 SCRA 498
  2. Eduarte v. CA, GR 105944, Feb. 9, 1996, 323 Phil. 462

Rationale for the rule on indefeasibility of title

  1. Borbajo v. Hidden View Homeowners, Inc., GR 152440, Jan. 31, 2005, 450 SCRA 315
  2. Ingusan v. Heirs of Reyes, GR 142938, Aug. 28, 2007, 531 SCRA 315

NOTE: Digest/dissect all the given cases and write them on yellow pad paper (one case per sheet), place them neatly in your sliding folder with cover page and table of contents, and submit them during our class for recording and affixing of initials. Late/incomplete submissions will not be accepted.

Read the details of the assigned topics from the prescribed textbook and other supplementary reading materials. Be ready for a graded recitation.

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